… edifying literature, through which various meditation practices for Christian self-care were disseminated. The meditation literature was received and propagated by critical theologians of the Lutheran Church. Their aim was to teach churchgoers a spiritual practice that would enable them to effectively apply the content of the sermons to their lives.Research has so far neglected to examine how 17th-century…
… War. They also document Kunze's efforts to educate German immigrants, as well as his contributions to the training of Lutheran preachers in North America and to the development of the Lutheran church system in New York State. The letters of Johann Nicolaus Kurtz document, among other things, the dangers his Tulpehocken congregation faced during the Seven Years' War in Pennsylvania.
… such as dancing, drinking and gambling than in Europe. At the same time, however, the German immigrants longed for the moral authorities they knew from the Old World. Using correspondence, diaries and church records, this study highlights the problems and conflicts that arose from this tension. It examines the pastors' personal views on marriage and sexuality, investigates methods and instruments for the…
… to feed pupils, carpenters, students, teachers and employees. The school town counted more than 3000 people in 1727. The large assembly hall on the upper floor of the building was used equally for church services and secular events. It became a model for many Protestant assembly halls. On Wednesdays and Saturdays public singing lessons were held here.
House 27
Francke's Home
In 1702 Francke and his…
… knowledge, which linked participants in the Halle Orphanage with those at the Sulzbach Court and Friedrich Breckling (1629–1711) as a pioneer of Pietism and vehement critic within the Lutheran Church. They did not limit themselves to the field of speculative alchemy, but also dealt in detail with practical laboratory work. There was an intensive exchange of letters on these topics between Breckling…
… his arrival in Philadelphia (1751), Helmuth, who arrived there in 1769, corresponded for more than half a century with colleagues at the Glauchaschen Anstalten in Halle as well as with colleagues and church congregations in North America. His letters are important testimonies to the transformation of North American Lutheranism, which increasingly emancipated itself from European authorities in the late…
